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| Juan Peron |
Juan Domingo Perón (October 8, 1895 - July 1, 1974) are the generals and politicians Argentina. He was elected to three times the term of office as President of Argentina (1946-1955 and 1973-1974. Perón and his wife, Eva is so popular among the people of Argentina. He was a leading figure in Latin America in the 20th century, and has brought many important changes the country's political arena.
Early History
Born in Lobos, Buenos Aires, Perón continued his education at the Colegio Militar, a military academy from 1911 to 1913 and the Escuela Superior de Guerra from 1926 to 1929. In 1930 he accompanied the army mutiny against President Hipolito Irigoyen and a confidential secretary to the Minister of Defence between 1930 and 1935. Later, he taught at the academy likely duration of the Escuela Superior de Guerra, served as military attache in Chile for a year, wrote five books on military history, and visited Italy to study the military procedure in mountainous Alps.
Just returned to Argentina in 1941, Perón with several other employees who have been waging a power struggle or a coup in June 1943. He then took over the ministry of trade unions and the labor movement by weakening the influence of left-wing party in there. He also has adopted a new Labour Law as well as launching a new trade union. Perón was sworn in as deputy president and defense minister in 1944. When his power increased, the current opposition to it especially from the army. On October 9, 1945, he was forced to put all of his post and imprisoned. In a short time, vacation Perón had burst the crisis and was completed on October 17, when the proponent of the labor groups have launched a revolution that triumphed terancang and released him from prison. 4 days later he married his mistress Maria Eva Duarte, known as Evita Peron.
The rise of a collection of Perónistas
In 1945 has risen a new political movement called Perónistas, which has the support of the oppressed workers of the agricultural and industrial sectors. The collection of support Perón nominated and elected as President. Peronistas parties campaigned with members of the working class, known as the descamisados (Spanish for "those who do not dress"), meaning they do not wear clothes like Kot middle-class. Perón also founded the party known as the Partido Justicialista or the Party of Justice and Social Affairs. This party later became an important political party in Argentina and its members have campaigned for him. As a result, elections were held in February 1946, has been siding with Perón and he gained 56% of the vote.
The era of Peronism
As president, he has attempted towards the pro-labor, pengindustrian state, pro-nationalism police, assisted by his second wife Evita Peron, who has been the informal influence in the police of his kingdom. These basics have been given the name of Peronism, which is an understanding that has been used by other leaders in Argentina and other developing countries such as Malaysia. In carrying out the pro-nationalist program, he has bought back foreign-owned trade unions of parties such as Britain and America. He is considered an agent of renewal in this country kerana shift from agriculture to the economic foundation of the industrial sector.
Perón also famous for giving the suffrage to women's groups. However, he criticized that great because some of the unethical actions. Among others, he has changed the institutional state that he should be selected initially as President and dispose of the judges who oppose it. Accordingly, in the early 1950s he was initially elected as President for the second time. In addition, he perpetuates his power to practice the authoritarian system in this country.
The fall of Perón regime
Beloved wife's death in 1952 has given effect to it. Evita is an adviser and an important influence in his life. He started making some mistakes in kerjayanya. One major mistake is to give rights to the Standard Oil (or now known as ESSO) a company from the United States to mengekploitasikan oil in Argentina.
In addition, he has been keeping distance between himself of the most loyal backers, a collection of labor. Therefore in 1955 a militant organization got him and he was forced to flee to Paraguay. While there, he met a beautiful nightclub dancer named Isabel Martínez and married him in 1961. Although Perón was in exile, living in Argentina respective ideologies. Selepasnya government failed to bring any change and set Perónista still influential in the country's political arena.
Third Mandate 1973 - 1974
On 19 September 1955, Peron was dismissed and exiled after the military coup government. Exile for 18 years do not release influence among the people. In 1973, ie over 70 years of age, Perón was re-elected as President of Argentina for the third time period. In a political strategy, he named his wife, Isabel Martínez de Perón, as deputy president. He died in office on June 1, 1974 and his position was replaced Isabel (his wife).
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