Immanuel Kant-Philosophers of the 18th Century

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (born in Königsberg, 22 April 1724 - died in Königsberg, February 12, 1804 at age 79 years) was a German philosopher. Kant's most important is the Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, 1781. In this book he "limits of human knowledge". Or in other words "what can be known to man." He expressed this by providing three questions:
What can I know?
What should I do?
What can I expect?
This question is answered as follows:
Nothing can be known is that perceived by human senses. Other than that the "illusion" of it, just an idea.
All humans should be done should be appointed as a general rule. This is called the "categorical imperative". Example: people should not steal, because if it was named a general rule, then if all people steal, people will not work.
Humans can be expected is determined by their minds. This is what decides the hope of mankind.
The third question above can be combined and added a fourth question: "Is it human?"



Biography

Immanuel Kant was born in 1724 in Königsberg from partner Johann Georg Kant, a harness maker (armor), and Anna Regina Kant. His father came to be known as a trade, but in the years 1730-1740, in Königsberg suffered perdangangan deterioration. It is affecting his business and make their families living in distress. Her mother died when Kant was 13, whereas Kant's father died when she was nearly 22 years.


Education is essentially taken Kant, Saint George's Hospital School, then proceed to the Collegium Fredericianum, a school that adhered to the teachings of Pietist. Family Kant's religion Pietist, that is religion in Germany who based his belief on religious experience and study scripture. In 1740, Kant was educated at the University of Königsberg and learn about philosophy, mathematics and natural sciences. To continue his education, he worked as a tutor for seven years and at that time, Kant published several manuscripts relating with a scientific question.In 1755-1770, Kant worked as a lecturer as he continued to publish several scholarly works with a variety of topics.obtained professor title Kant in Königsberg in 1770.


List of works

1755: Naturgeschichte Allgemeine und Theorie des Himmels
1755: meditationum quaerandam de igne saccincta delinetatio
1755: Neue Erhellung der ersten Grundsätze metaphysischer Erkenntnisse
1756: Physische Monadologie
1756: Neue Anmerkungen Erläuterung zur Theorie der der Winde
1762: Die Vier falsche Spitzfindigkeit der syllogistischen Figuren
1763: Versuch, den Begriff der in der Grossen negativen Weltweisheit einzuführen
1763: Untersuchung über die Deutlichkeit Grundsätze der Theologie und der Moral natürlichen
1763: Der einzige mögliche zu einer Demonstration Beweisgrund für das Dasein Gottes
1764: Beobachtungen über das Gefühl und des Schönen Erhabenen
1764: Über die Krankheit des Kopfes
1766: Träume eines Geistersehers erläutert Träume durch der Metaphysik. (Über Emanuel Swedenborg)
1770: Über die Prinzipien Form und die Welt der sinnlichen intelligiblen und. (De mundi sensibilis et principiis atque intelligibillis forma.)
1775: Über die Menschen der verschiedenen Rassen
1781: 1. Auflage der Kritik der reinen Vernunft
1783: Prolegomena zu einer Metaphysik künftigen jeden, die als Wissenschaft wird auftreten können
1784: Idea zu einer Geschichte in weltbürgerlicher Absicht allgemeinen
1784: Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung
1785: Grundlegung der Metaphysik der Sitten
1786: Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft
1786: Mutmaßlicher Anfang der Menschengeschichte
1787: Kritik der reinen Vernunft 2., Stark erweiterte Auflage
1788: Kritik der praktischen Vernunft
1790: Kritik der Urteilskraft
1793: Die Religion der Grenzen der bloßen innerhalb Vernunft
1793: Über den Gemeinspruch: mag Das Sein in der Theorie richtig, aber nicht für die taugt Praxis
1794: Das Ende aller Dinge
1795: Zum ewigen Frieden
1797: Die Metaphysik der Sitten
1798: Der Streit der Fakultäten
1798: Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht abgefasst